Article and method by which &#34;ben day&#34; tones are photographically produced



v. 5, 1935- F. E. MARSH ET AL 0 ICLE AND METHOD BY WHICH "BEN DAY" TUNES ARE PHOTOGRAPHICALLY PRODUCED Filed May 8', 1934 FAYETTE E. MARSH ("ARIES ILA/VDERSEN INVENTOKS Patented Nov. 5, 19.35 2,019,500

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ART! cu: m nm'rnon as men BEN par" roses ABE rno'roonarmcsuar rnonucsn I Fayette E. Marsh and Charles H. Andersen,

I Los Angeies, Calif.

Application my a, 1934, Serial No. 124,534

' 6 Claims. (Cl. s5- -5) This invention relates to improvements in which are considerably smaller than the openings methods of preparing printing plates by the in the stencil. photo-engraving or lithographic process, with Upon the discovery and knowledge of the special regard to the means of introducing into foregoing facts and their utilization are based the said plates shades or tones, generally known the foundation for new improvements which con- 5 as "Ben Day" patterns. stitute the essence of the present invention.

It is well known in the engraving art, that t Important objects are listed as follows: "Ben Day"tonesor shades may beintroduccd into First, the invention contemplates the elimithe plates from which a printed image is pronation of certain steps disclosed in the parent duced by one of several methods which fall into applica ion fi s referred t sup a. whereby the two general -c1assificati0ns. By methods in the Ope o is plified and the cost of manufaciirst of these classifications, the pattern is placed ture is r duceddirectly upon the plate in ink before it is etched, S d, e c pa a e ease y which a mu]- and by methods in the second classification the tip i ty 1' graduated tones may be produced. pattern is introduced into the camera copy and thereafter transferred to the plate as a component part of the image to be reproduced, by the means regularly employed in the art. The improved process, provided by this invention, Other objec s, o li ed, Will be pp t falls within the latter classification and photowhen Viewed in t light o the d g and 20 graphically produces a copy of the subject to be what is claimed; also how much of the cost of printed, into which copy has been introduced or p du n t s or s a s n p t p a s is added the desired tones or shades in Ben Day" eliminated an hOW e engraving art is greatly pattern. This copy containing the added hade enriched by the ease and flexibility of its use, or tones is then used as camera copy for reespecially in the making 0 al e "co or 25 production of plates by the engraver. P

This invention further relates to improve- With the use of the embodiment shown in the ments in the Method of photographically pro p y g drawing, the article and method ducing "Ben Day tones, patented May a, 1934, w y "B D y t s a ph aphica y be remade, should the plates become damaged or broken.

Fourth, it provides an article of manufacture.

#1,95'7,790; and carries forward some oi the improduced will now be disclosed. 30 portant steps outlined therein. The following is a brief description of the iig- This invention still further relates to'improvein the drawing: ments in the Method of photographically pro- Fi 1 represents t master d aw ducing "Ben Day" tones. pending application 2 represents the transparent y, on filed July 5, 1933; Serial Number 679,012. which coloring materials have been layed. 35 We have discovered in the operation of the Fig. 3 represents a transparent sheet on which process described in the above methods that by Pattern has e Printed in paqu photographing diflerent reflective coloring matink called a stencil. v ters through a stencil in Ben Day or other Fig. 4 repr n a master r n n which pattern, there is produced on the camera fllm coloring materials have been layed.

. Fig. 5 represents a composite assembly of the transparent overlay shown in Fig. 2 and the stencil shown in Fig. 3, positioned so that the transparency can be photographed thru the 5 a negative image of the stencil, reduced or enlarged, in the areas colored, depending upon the light reflective value of the coloring matter being photographed. Neither is the process'limited to opaque coloring matters only. stencil.

For example, if the stencil used contains small Fig. 6 represents a composite assembly of the round openings of a-mesh of 60 to an inch, which master drawing shown in Fig. 4 and the stencil openings make up 50% of the total area of the shown in Fig. 3, so positioned that the master stencil, white reflective coloring matter will drawing can be photographed thru the stencil.

Fig. 7 represents the photographic image in 50 negative form, produced by photographing the assembly shown in Fig. 5 or the assembly shown in Fig.9.

register on the film in the camera a pattern of black dots which are considerably larger than the openings in the stencil and green or semitransparent. reflective coloring matter will register on the film a of dots Third, it provides a means whereby plates can 15 1'13. 8 represents the photographic image in '5 assembly shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 represents a transparent sheet containlay various reflective coloring materials, having different reflective coloring values, corresponding to the areas on which diflerent values of the "Ben Day pattern are to subsequently appear in the photographic negative. Y

Pursuant to this plan we color that area white where we wish to produce on the corresponding areaof the fllm in the camera, a dark Ben Day tone or shade, and that area blue-green where we wish to produce on the corresponding area of the film in the camera, a light Ben Day" tone or shade.

Other areas, we color in intermediate tones of blue-green to white, where we wish to produce on thecorresponding area of the fllm in the camera, intermediate Ben Day" tones.

A similar arrangement of other reflective coloring matters having different reflective values may be utilized to produce like results and therefore can be used interchangeable.

Next we remove the overlay from the master drawing and position it before the camera for reproduction and superimpose on the overlay in that position, a stencil in Ben Day pattern. The assembly at this stage of the process is represented in Fig. 5. The assembly is then photographed and the negative produced is represented a in Fig. 7 and constitutes the article. Y

It will be noticed that when the overlay is removed from the master drawing and photo: graphed thru the stencil, the lines of the 'drawing are not reproduced on the photographic negative obtained, but it rather contains only the varying values of Ben Day" patterns resulting from photographing the coloring materials previously layed upon the overlay. When and it the lines of the master drawing are to be carried into the negative, we place reflective coloring materials directly upon the surface of the master drawing as shown in Fig. 4. We. then proceed as in the case of the removable overlay. above described with the same result upon the photographic negative except that the lines of the drawing are thereupon shown. The assembly of master drawing and stencil is represented by 'Fig. 6, the negative produced by photographing the assembly is represented by Fig. 8 and constitutes the article.

Thisprocess can be effectively worked without reference to a master drawing orthe use of its lines as guidesfor laying the coloring materials when certain types of subjects are involved. To proceed without the master drawing as shown in Fig. 1, we build up the image desired, by the application of the coloring materials directly to the surface of the stencil on its printed side in the same manner as would an artist .with his brush in painting a picture of an object. This assembly is represented in Fig. 9.

negative form, produced by photographing the We then proceed as in the case of the removable overlay above described with the same result upon, the photographic negative. In the flrst instance, the colors are upon a transparency and the stencil is superimposed. Inthe latter, the 5 colors are upon the stencil with the opaque ink pattern between them and the camera.- The negative produced by photographing the assembly is represented in Fig. 7.

The negatives represented by Figs. '7 and 8 are commercial products valuable .to the trade as known for printing to metal in the making of etched plates.

Although Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are not shown upon the drawing in composite assembly, were 'there occasion, as will from time to time occur, to produce a negative which contains the lines of the drawing as represented by Fig. 8 when the placing of coloring materials upon the surface of the drawing is damaging to it or otherwise undesir- 20 able, we would proceed as above described except that Fig. 1 would be placed beneath the assembly shown in Fig. 5, which assembly when photographed would produce the negative as represented by Fig. 8.

This invention contemplates broadly the method of photographing various reflective coloring matters, having difl'erent reflective values, through a transparency on which has been imprinted, one one of the faces thereof, a Ben Day" 30 pattern.

against the stencil design itself, as stated supra, 40

or placing the various reflective coloring matters on a master drawing and-then placing the imprinted side of the stencil against the coloring matter and photographing the combination.

We claim;

1. The method of producing Ben Day" tones or shading effects which consists'in providing a master drawing to be toned, placing upon the surface of said drawing various reflective coloring matters, having diflerent reflective values, 50 said reflective coloring matters being spaced where Ben Day tones are to subsequently appear on a photographic negative of said drawing, superposing upon said drawing a transparency containing a" "Ben Day" pattern, and photographing. the combination with said transparency nearest the camera.

' 2. The method of producing Ben Day" tones or shading eflects which consists in providing a master drawing to be toned and a transparency 50 containing a Ben Day"'pattern, placing upon the surface of said drawing various reflective transparent coloring matters, having different reflective values, where Ben Day tones are to subsequently appear on a photographic negative 65 of said drawing, and photographing the combination in registry with the pattern side of the transparency next tothe drawing with said transhaving different color reflective values on which tones are desired when reproduced by printing 1 "Ben'Day" pattern.

4. The method herein-described of providing a transparency having imprinted on one side thereof at Ben Day" pattern, applying on the printed side of said transparency various reflective coloring matters having difl'erent color reflective values constituting a master drawing and photographing said drawing and pattern as a whole, with the pattern on the camera side.

5. An article comprising acomposite arrangement of master drawing forming a background, and a transparency containing a-pattern in Ben Day" through which said background is photographable, and suitable reflective coloring matters, having different reflective values, placed on the abutting faces of said background and transparency where gradations of tone of said pattern in "Ben Day are to subsequently appear on'a a photographic negative made from the photographable a 6. An article comprising a composite arrangement or master drawing forming a'backgrqund,

and a transparency containing a pattern in Ben 5 Day" through'which said background is photographable, and sultablerefl'ective coloring matters. having diil'erent reflective values,.placed on the abutting faces 01 said background and transparency where gradationsot tone of said pattern 10 in Ben Day are to subsequently appear on a v photographic negative made from the photo- 'graphable assembly, whereby when the image of the whole is reproduced the pattern in Ben Day" will appear in varying degree in the local areas 15 colored according to the reflective value of the coloring matter used.

- FAYE'I'I'E E. MARSH.

CHARLES H. ANDERSEN. 

